Averages of central L-values of Hilbert modular forms with an application to subconvexity

We use the relative trace formula to obtain exact formulas for central values of certain twisted quadratic base change L-functions averaged over Hilbert modular forms of a fixed weight and level. We apply these formulas to the subconvexity problem for these L-functions. We also establish an equidistribution result for the Hecke eigenvalues weighted by these L-values.Comment: 57 pages, minor changes made to version 1. The final version of this article will be published in the Duke Mathematical Journal, Vol. 149, No. 2, published by Duke University Pres

Ramanujan graphs in cryptography

In this paper we study the security of a proposal for Post-Quantum Cryptography from both a number theoretic and cryptographic perspective. Charles-Goren-Lauter in 2006 [CGL06] proposed two hash functions based on the hardness of finding paths in Ramanujan graphs. One is based on Lubotzky-Phillips-Sarnak (LPS) graphs and the other one is based on Supersingular Isogeny Graphs. A 2008 paper by Petit-Lauter-Quisquater breaks the hash function based on LPS graphs. On the Supersingular Isogeny Graphs proposal, recent work has continued to build cryptographic applications on the hardness of finding isogenies between supersingular elliptic curves. A 2011 paper by De Feo-Jao-Pl\^{u}t proposed a cryptographic system based on Supersingular Isogeny Diffie-Hellman as well as a set of five hard problems. In this paper we show that the security of the SIDH proposal relies on the hardness of the SIG path-finding problem introduced in [CGL06]. In addition, similarities between the number theoretic ingredients in the LPS and Pizer constructions suggest that the hardness of the path-finding problem in the two graphs may be linked. By viewing both graphs from a number theoretic perspective, we identify the similarities and differences between the Pizer and LPS graphs.Comment: 33 page

Explicit construction of Ramanujan bigraphs

We construct explicitly an infinite family of Ramanujan graphs which are bipartite and biregular. Our construction starts with the Bruhat-Tits building of an inner form of $SU_3(\mathbb Q_p)$. To make the graphs finite, we take successive quotients by infinitely many discrete co-compact subgroups of decreasing size.Comment: 10 page

The fluctuations in the number of points of smooth plane curves over finite fields

In this note, we study the fluctuations in the number of points of smooth projective plane curves over finite fields $\mathbb{F}_q$ as $q$ is fixed and the genus varies. More precisely, we show that these fluctuations are predicted by a natural probabilistic model, in which the points of the projective plane impose independent conditions on the curve. The main tool we use is a geometric sieving process introduced by Poonen.Comment: 12 page

Statistics for traces of cyclic trigonal curves over finite fields

We study the variation of the trace of the Frobenius endomorphism associated to a cyclic trigonal curve of genus g over a field of q elements as the curve varies in an irreducible component of the moduli space. We show that for q fixed and g increasing, the limiting distribution of the trace of the Frobenius equals the sum of q+1 independent random variables taking the value 0 with probability 2/(q+2) and 1, e^{(2pi i)/3}, e^{(4pi i)/3} each with probability q/(3(q+2)). This extends the work of Kurlberg and Rudnick who considered the same limit for hyperelliptic curves. We also show that when both g and q go to infinity, the normalized trace has a standard complex Gaussian distribution and how to generalize these results to p-fold covers of the projective line.Comment: 30 pages, added statement and sketch of proof in Section 7 for generalization of results to p-fold covers of the projective line, the final version of this article will be published in International Mathematics Research Notice

Exact averages of central values of triple product L-functions

We obtain exact formulas for central values of triple product L-functions averaged over newforms of weight 2 and prime level. We apply these formulas to non-vanishing problems. This paper uses a period formula for the triple product L-function proved by Gross and Kudla

Galois representations and Galois groups over Q

In this paper we generalize results of P. Le Duff to genus n hyperelliptic curves. More precisely, let C/Q be a hyperelliptic genus n curve, let J(C) be the associated Jacobian variety and let ¯ρℓ : GQ → GSp(J(C)[ℓ]) be the Galois representation attached to the ℓ-torsion of J(C). Assume that there exists a prime p such that J(C) has semistable reduction with toric dimension 1 at p. We provide an algorithm to compute a list of primes ℓ (if they exist) such that ¯ρℓ is surjective. In particular we realize GSp6 (Fℓ) as a Galois group over Q for all primes ℓ ∈ [11, 500000]